Bhikshuni shasanaye Punarudaya

NslaIqKs Ydikfha mqkreoh

my; m<jkafka 2011 wfma‍%,a 17iy 25 hk foÈk nqÿirK m;%fha m<lrk ,o wfußldfõ ueipqfiÜia m%dka;fha" ijq;a yd¾â,sys ujqkaÜ fyda,sfhdala flda,Sðfha" wd.u ms<sn| wkq.dñ uydpd¾h iqikak ñfrdaiskaf.a Celebrating the revival of Bhikkhuni order ksnkaOkfha mßj¾;khhs'

l%s'mQ ;=kajeks ishjfia § ix>ñ;a;d f;rKsh úiska Y%S ,xldfõ f(rjd§ NslaIq” Ydikh msysgqjk ,§' NslaIq Ydikh iuÛ NslaIq” Ydikh;a oyjeks ishjfia w. fyda tfldf<diajeks ishjfia uq, iuh f;la iuDoaêu;aj meje;sK' tfy;a ta jkúg Wodjqk hqo ld, mßÉfþoh úiska iiqka fol u wNdjhg heúKs' blaì;s nqreu iy ;dhs,ka; NslaIQkaf.a uÛ fmkaùu hgf;a NslaIq Ydikh lsysm jrla mqk¾Ôjhla ,nd .;a;;a NslaIq” Ydikhg ta jdikdj WodjQfha ke;'

ld,hdf.a wejEfuka m%.;sYS,s Y%S ,dxlsl fn!oaOfhda oykj jeks ishjfia w. yßfha§ f(arjd§ NslaIq” Ydikfha mqk¾Ôjkh fjkqfjka fmkS isákakg uq, msrEy' tfia jqj;a ta jkúg f,dalfha lsis u ;ekl Wmiïmod l¾uh ixúOdkh lrkakg ;rï m%udKj;a f(arjd§ NslaIq”yq fkdisáh y'

tfy;a ta i|yd iqÿiq uydhdk NslaIqKskaf.a kï ysÛhla fkdúK' Y%S ,xldfõ ishjia oyhla muK l,a mej;s NslaIQ" NslaIq”" Wmdil" Wmdisld kñka ye¢kajqKq nqÿka jykafiaf.a isjqjkla msßi NslaIqKskaf.ka f;drj ;=kajkla njg wvqjQy' jdikdjlg fuka m%.;sYS,s Y%S ,dxlsl NslaIqyq 1996 iy 1998 § bkaÈhdfõ meje;ajqKq" NslaIq”ka meúÈ lsÍfï wka;¾cd;sl W;aij fofla§ ol=Kq fldßhdkq iy ;dhsjdka NslaIQka yd NslaIqKska iuÛ iyfhda.fhka iyNd.S jQy' fï meúÈ lsÍfï W;aij fofla § NslaIq”ka f,i Y%S ,dxlsl ldka;dfjda ;sylg jeä .Kkla meúÈ lrkq ,enQy' 1998 isg NslaIQKs Wmiïmodj Y%S ,xldfõ fkdlvjd meje;afjhs'

1996 isg j.lsj hq;= NslaIqkaf.a Èß .ekaùu Tiafia NslaIq” Ydikh uekeúka j¾Okh fjñka bÈßhg hk nj fmfka' ^ bxY%Sis wdldrdÈ ms<sfj<g olajf;d;a& fndaod.u pkaÈu" ;,,af,a Oïudf,dal" fla' Y%S Oïudkkao " fyafkafmd< .=Kr;k" ng.u fïOdkkao" lUqremsáfha kkaor;k" jrdf.dv fmaur;k" uy.,alvj, mq[a[idr" lyúg isßksjdi" fmdfrdj.u fidaud,xldr" bkduÆfõ iqux.," l=Uqre.uqfõ jðr" ueof.dv jðr{dk" udm,.u úmq,idr iy fla' úu,fcda;s wd§ ysñjre ta w;r fj;s' tfia u .Kkska fuf;lehs oelaúh fkdyels ;rï Wmldrl .sys Wmdil" Wmdisldfjda isá;s'

oekg Y%S ,xldfõ wdikak jYfhka 1000 la muK f(arjd§ NslaIqKsyq isá;s' Bg wu;rj fo;=ka oyil muK oi is,a ud;djka isák nj o wm wu;l fkdl< hq;=h' NslaIq” Ydikfha mqkreohg m%udKj;a Èß .ekaùula fkd;snqKq 1905 ;rï jQ jljdkqjl oiis,a ud;djka jYfhka meúÈ lsÍu we/ô ;sìK' f(arjd§ NslaIq” Ydikhla fkd;snqKq l,l rgmqrd isá f(arjd§ fn!oaO ldka;djka fnfyúka lk.dgqodhl jd;djrKhla hgf;a jqjo oiis,a ud;djka jYfhka meúÈ msßila ìyslsÍug uQ,slùu w.h l< hq;a;ls'

iuia;hla f,i .;al, wo Y%S ,xldfõ NslaIqKsyq o oiis,a uEKsjre o nqÿoyug iy iudchg jeo.;a" wñ, odhl;ajhla imh;s' 1998 isg fndfyda oiis,a uEKsjre NslaIqKs meúoao ,nd isá;s' tfy;a we;eïyq fkdfhla fya;= ksid ta ;;a;ajfha u /£ isákakg ;SrKh lr isá;s' we;euqka tfia lrkafka oiis,a ud;djka jYfhka u isák msßig we;s f<ka.;=nj ksid h'

ta w;r W;=ï .=Kdx.hla jkafka" we;euqka ish .=re uEKsjrekg NslaIq” ;;a;ajh ,nkakg neß ;rï jhia.; fyda fn,ySk ùu ksid Tjqkg mqo i;aldr lrñka /ln,d .kakg ks.ukh lsÍu hs' we;eï oiis,a ud;dfjda ish .=re uEKsjrekg NslaIqKs meúoao ,nkakg fkdyelsj isáh§ ;uka ta ;;a;ajhg m;aùu Tjqkg lrk ks.rejla fia i,l;s'

NslaIq”kag we;eï rdcH fiajlhka we;=¿ .syshka iy NslaIqkaf.ka fm!oa.,sl wem Wmldr ,efn;;a" fuf;l=;a fmdÿfõ rch uÛska ,efnk Wmldrhka b;d u|h' Tjqka wkd.;h flfrys n,dfmdfrd;a;= ;nd isákjd úh yelsh' tfy;a ta w;r NslaIqKsyq oeä ÿIalr;djkg uqyqK § isá;s' ta w;r nrm;< ÿIalr;djla jkafka NslaIqKskaf.a iy idufKar NslaIqKskaf.a wOHdmkh i|yd Èߧula f,i we;s uq,H iïm;a ysÛh hs'

;ukaf.a wOHdmkh lghq;= i|yd NslaIqkg fuka fkdj" NslaIq”kg ;uka úiska u úhoï fidhd.; hq;=j ;sfí' NslaIqKskag b.ekaùu i|yd .dia;= wh lsÍfuka f;drj" ish leue;af;ka bÈßm;a jk .=rejrekg mjd NslaIqKska úiska m%jdyk myiqlï i|yd lsishï uqo,la f.jkq ,efí'

fndfyda NslaIqKs wdrdu fnfyúka ÿmam;a jk w;r .=rejrekaf.a m%jdyk .dia;= f.ùu mjd ÿIalr h' ta wkqj is;k l, tu wdrdu fj; mQcd NdKav iemhSfï§ odhlhka fï .ek is;d ne,Su m,odhl úh yelsh' WodyrKhla f,i odhlfhda fndfyda mskalï wjia:dj,§ mqreÿ mßÈ bo,a" uqiqka" mdmsis" fiaÿï l=vq wdÈh mQcd lr;s' we;eïúg tla Èkl§ uqiqka i;rla fyda Bg jeäfhkq;a ,efnkakg mq¿jk' i;a;lska u NslaIq”kaf.a wdrduhlg kï t;rï jqjukd fkdjkakg mq¿jk' tneúka bo,l fyda uqiakl fyda jákdlug iß,k uqo,la msßkeóu jvd fyd|úh yelsh' tfia ,efnk uqo,ska NslaIqKskg ;ukaf.a wOHdmkh i|yd úhoï lrkakg yelsjkq we;'

iuia;hla f,i .;al, NslaIqKsyqo" Tjqkaf.a ifydaoßfhda jk oi is,a Wmdisldfjda o nqÿoyu iy iudch úIfhys fnfyúka w.h l<hq;= odhl;ajhla imh;s'

odhlfhda NslaIqKska is,aj;a iy lreKdjka; msßila f,i y÷kaj;s' úfYaIfhka u odhsldfjda ;ukaf.a mjq,a ;=< m%Yak mek keÛqKq úg NslaIqKskaf.a Wmfoia m;;s'

ldka;djka yeáhg fï odhsldfjda NslaIqKska iuÛ ;ukaf.a m%Yak idlÉPd lsÍfï§ myiqjla w;aú¢;s' Y%S ,xldfõ ldka;djkg Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, iuDoaêh úIfhys iqúYd, j.lSula we;s fyhska Tjqyq ;ukaf.a mjq,aj, m%Yak fyda wOHd;añl .=Kj.dj .ek idlÉPd lsÍug" Wmfoia ,nd .ekSug NslaIqKska fj;ska ,efnk iyfhda.h b;d w.h fldg i,l;s'

WmfoaYl fiajdjkg wu;rj NslaIqKsyq fjk;a fkdfhla iudc fiajdjkayso fhfo;s' ta w;r úúO <ud wOHdmk jevigyka iy ikSmdrlaIl wOHdmk jevigyka fufyhùu wdÈh fukau wirK" frda.S wh iuÛ <Ûska weiqre lrñka Tjqkaf.a ÿl iem úuiSï o fjhs' ;jÿrg;a j¾;udk NslaIqKsyq o NslaIQka fiau fkdfhla wd.ñl fiajd bgq lr;s' WodyrKhla f,i NslaIqKsyq ks;r odkuh mskalï iy msß;a foiSug wdrdOkd ,n;s' tfia u NslaIqKsyq lÀk mskalï o mj;aj;s' ffoksl O¾u foaYkd iy Ndjkd mqyqKq lsÍug;a wdrdOkd ,efí' úfYaIfhka u odhsldjka ;u wdrduj, NslaIq”ka úiska ixúOdkh lrkq ,nk Ndjkd mqyqKqùïj,g jvd;a leue;af;ka iyNd.s jk nj i|yka l< hq;= h' ks;r u jdf.a ldka;dfjda ;ukaf.a .fï mkai,ays Ndjkd jevigyka l%shd;aul fkdjkafka kï bka neyer NslaIqKs wdrduj, meje;afjk Ndjkd mqyqKqùï i|yd h;s'

wo f,dalfha fndfyda fokd úiska NslaIq”ka úYsIag iodpdrd;aul mrudo¾Ys ldka;djka f,i y÷kajkq ,efí' fndfydaúg NslaIqKska y÷kajd §fï§ odhlhka fhdok m<uqjeks úfYaIKh ‘is,aj;a’ hkq hs' wka ljrodg;a jvd wo wmg NslaIq”yq jqjukd fj;s' .=KO¾u msßfyñka mj;sk iudchl" ldka;djf.a .re;ajh yE,aÆ fjñka hk ld,jljdkqjl is,aj;a Ôjk ms<sfj; ;=<ska NslaIq”ka yg iudchg mrudo¾Yhla úh yelsh' WodyrKhla f,i NslaIqKsyq ;ukaf.a odkh i|yd uia udxY b,a,d fkdisá;s' Tjqyq jdhqiólrKh lrk ,o fudfgdaßhl wjYH;dj fkdols;s' Tjqkg ;uka i;= fudfgda ßh ke;' ;DIaKdfjys jyÆka jkjdg jvd ,o muKska wvq o%jH iy iïm;aj,ska i;=gq jkakg ´kEu flfkl=g yelsnj NslaIqKsyq wmg wdo¾Yfhka fmkajd fo;s'

iodpdrd;aul mrudo¾Y f,i NslaIqKsyq o Tjqkaf.a ifydaoßfhda jk oiis,a Wmdisldfjda o iudc ys;ldó Wmldrlfhda h' ;jÿrg;a Tjqyq úfYaIfhka u ldka;djkg iy ;reKshkg jeo.;a mrudo¾Ys NQñldjl isá;s' WodyrKhla f,i" j¾;udk f,dalh mqrd isák jeä;rhla ;reKsfhda ljrodg;a jvd ldudila;fhda h' wo weußldfõ jhi yfha isg kjh f;la oeßhka w;ßka w¾Ohlau ,smaiaála fyda ,sma.af,dia Èkm;d mdúÉÑhg weíneys ù isá;s' kj fhdjqka úhg;a fkdm;a oeßhkaf.a fï iajNdj Tjqka fndrej,g uq,d jk iy my;a .Kfha lduql yeisÍïj,g myiqfjka f.dÿre jk ;;a;ajhla ìyslr we;s njg <ud ixj¾Okh ms<sn| úYdrohka ixfõ.h m<lr we;' fujka miqìul j¾;udk <dnd, msßñ iy .eyekq orejkg ie,ish yels fi; l=ula o@ ta wkqj ie,lSfï§ ldudila; nfjka ñ§ iodpdriïmkak NslaIqKska úiska ksfhdackh flfrk ldka;d NQñldj ;=< f.dvkefÛk mrudo¾Yh fl;rï w.h l< hq;= o@ tfia u ;ukaf.a Ôú;fha§ tjka ldka;d NQñld wdlD;sfhka ish pß; yev.id .ekSu jeäysá ldka;djkg ljr ;rfï hym;la úh yels o@

iuia;hla f,i .;al, nqÿoyu iy iudch fjkqfjka NslaIqKska bgq lrk jeo.;a fiajd .ek is;k úg Y%S ,xldfõ fyda f(arjd§ f,dalfha fjk;a fld;ekl fyda f(arjd§ NslaIqKs Ydikfha mqkreoh újdohg ,laúh hq;a;la fkdjk nj uf.a yeÛSuhs' tfy;a we;eï Y%S ,dxlsl NslaIqka jykafia Tjqkaf.a odhlhkg Y%S‍% ,xldj ;=< f(arjd§ NslaIqKska ke;ehs lshkafka ljr idOdrK ;¾lhla u; o@

NslaIqKs mqkreoh m%;slafIam lrk msßia lshd isákafka" m<uq mshjf¾ § u j¾;udk Y%S ,dxlsl NslaIQKska" uydhdk nqÿ oyu wkq.ukh lrk ol=Kq fldßhdkq iy ;dhsjdka NslaIq”ka úiska meúÈ lrkq ,enQ w;r" ta ksid Y%S ,dxlsl NslaIqKska o uydhdk úh hq;= h hkakhs'

nqÿka jykafia úiska foaYkd lrk ,o úkh Wkajykafia f.a wkq.dñlhka jQ NslaIQka úiska uQ,sl jYfhka láka lg fyj;a uqL mrïmrd.;j mj;ajdf.k tk ,§' nqoaO mßks¾jdKfhka ishjia lsysmhlg miqj Y%djlhka jykafia úiska nqÿka jykafiaf.a b.ekaùï f,aLk.; wdlD;sfhka iïmdokh lsÍfï w;s §¾>jQ;a" ixlS¾KjQ;a" oejeka; ld¾hdj,sh wrUk ,§' ta jkúg tllg tlla fjkia uQ,sl fn!oaO .=rel=,jdo bkaÈhdfõ mej;sKs' ta tl tllg ;u ;uka úiska ilid iïu; lr .ekqKq úkh iïm%odhhla wka;¾.; .%ka: l=,hla ne.ska ;sìK'

j¾;udkfha úkh iïm%odh ;=kla Ndú;fhys fhfoa' f(arjd§ NslaIqyq f(arjd§ md,s úkh wkq.ukh lr;s' flfia fj;;a uydhdk yd ;sín; NslaIqyq f(arjd§ka fia fkdj ljrodlj;a ;ukaf.a úkh iïm%odhhla ix.%y fkdl<y' ta fjkqjg Tjqka O¾u.=ma;l iy uQ,i¾jdia;sjd§ kñka ye¢kajqKq wd§ fn!oaO .=rel=, foflys ixialD; úkh iïm%odh ms<s.;ay' tfy;a fï .=rel=, fndfyda l,lg fmr u wNdjhg .sfha h' tfia jqj;a uydhdk yd ;sín; fn!oaOfhda tajd Ök iy ;sín; nig fmr<d ;ju;a ish úkh iïm%odh Ndú; lr;s' ta w;r 1996 iy 1998 § ol=Kq fldßhdkq iy ;dhsjdk uydhdksl NslaIqKska úiska meúÈ lrkq ,enQ j¾;udk hq.fha Y%S ,dxlsl NslaIqKsyq O¾u.=ma;l úkh iïm%odh wkq.ukh lr;s'

O¾u.=ma;l iy f(arjdÈ úkh iïm%odh fol w;r ie,lsh hq;= fjkila ke;s nj úkh ms<sn| úYdrohka fmkajd § we;' fuhg úfYaI fya;=j jkafka úkfhys me/Ks;u iy w;Hka;fhka jeo.;a fldgi jk md;sfudlaLh hs' n<kaf.dv wdkkao ffu;%sh ysñhka hgf;a meúoao ,enQ" uykqjr fn!oaO m%ldYk iñ;sfha ixialdrl f,i wjqreÿ fndfyda .Kkla fiajdj l< wfußldkq cd;sl fndaê ysñfhda 1998 § bkaÈhdfõ meje;s wka;¾cd;sl meúÈ lsÍfï W;aijfha§ isÿjQfha l=ulaoehs fufia meyeÈ,s lr;s'

‘’isys lghq;= meúÈ lsÍfï W;aijfha§ iïm%odh lsysmhl NslaIqyq tla/ia jQy' ta w;r ;dhsjdka iy wmrÈ. NslaIqKska iu. Ök uydhdk" f(arjd§ iy ;sín; NslaIqyq jQy' ta ;dhsjdk iy wmrÈ. NslaIqKskg Ök iïm%odhdkql+®, meúoao iy Wmiïmodj fufyhùug h'

fï W;aijh oiis,a Wmdisldjka uydhdk NslaIqKska njg m;a lrkakg fhdod .;a;la nj flkl= is;kakg mq¿jk' tfy;a th idjoH f;areï .ekSula úh yelsh' Ök NslaIQka iy NslaIqKska uydhdk nqÿ oyu m%.=K l<jqka jk w;r" Tjqka wkq.ukh l< wdY%ñl úkh iïm%odh uydhdk iïm%odh fkdfõ' th olaIsK f(arjd§ iïm%odhg whs;s" tkï jvd;a úia;D; úNQÊcjd§ iïm%odhg whs;s wdÈ fn!oaO O¾u.=ma;l iïm%odfhka m%Njh ,oaols'

i;a;lskau tys f(arjdÈ iQ;%hkaf.a iudk tl;=j;a we;sjd fukau wNsO¾uh iy md,s úkhg fnfyúka wkqrEms; jhU È. bkaÈhdkq wkqmsgm;ls'

fuuÛska Y%S ,dxlsl NslaIq”ka uydhdksl jQfha ke;' jeä u jqfKd;a hul=g lsh yels jkafka Tjqyq O¾u.=ma; jQy’ hs hkak muKs' tfy;a th mjd tf,iska u wkqu; l< fkdyels nj bkamiq isÿjQfha l=ula oehs úia;r flfrk my; oelafjk m%ldYfhka meyeÈ,s fjhs' ta wkqj fndaê ysñfhda ;jÿrg;a fufia lsh;s'

‘’Y%S ,xldfjka meñKs NslaIqKskag jqjukd jQfha f(arjd§ úkh fm<m;g Wreuh ,nd .kakg hk w;r" Y%S ,xldfõ f(arjd§ NslaIqkaf.ka ms<s.ekSula o ,nd .kakghs' Ök meúoao iuÛ muKla NslaIq”yq wdmiq Y%S ,xldjg meñKsfhda kï Tjqkaf.a meúoao b÷rdu uydhdksl jkakg we;ehs Y%S ,dxlsl fn!oaOhka is;kq we;ehs hkak o fuys § bÈßm;aj ;sìKs'

ta ielh ke;s lrkq msKsi wÆ;ska meúÈ lrkq ,enQ NslaIqKsyq ál l,lg miq idrdkd;a fj; meñKshd yq tys§ Y%S‍% ,xldfjka meñKs f(arjdÈ NslaIQka hgf;a md,sfhka fufyhejqKq ;j;a Wmiïmodjl msysgqjkq ,enQy' ta w;r Ök ix>hd u.ska ,enqKq Wmiïmodfõ jákdlu o ms<s.kakd ,§' fufia Tjqyq f(arjdÈ ix> .Khg ms<s.kq ,enQy' f(arjdo úkh ms<smÈkakg iy úkh ms<sn| ix>l¾uj,g odhl jkakg o wjir ,ndfok ,§' ^  The Revival of Bhikkhuni Ordination in the Theravada Tradition ) pp' 121 ) 122 &

1996 iy 1998 § ol=Kq fldßhdkq iy ;dhsjdkq NslaIq”ka uÛska meúÈ lrkq ,enQ Y%S ,dxlsl NslaIqKsyq f(arjdÈ u fj;s' Tjqka ;uka f(arjdÈ f,i y÷kajd fok w;r Tjqkaf.a meúoao ixúOdkh l< Y%S ,dxlsl NslaIqyq o th tfia u wkqu; lr;s' 1998 isg Y%S ,dxlsl ldka;djkg furg isg u NslaIqKska f,i meúÈ Wmiïmodj ,o yelsh' fï ishÆ NslaIqKsyq f(arjd§ md,s úkh ms<smÈkafkda fj;s'

fufia wms h<s;a nqÿka jykafia úiska uq,a mshjf¾§ u msysgqjk ,o mßÈ isjqjkla msßi wm rg ;=< imqrd ;sìh§ 2600 iïnqoaO;aj chka;s ieureï wjia:dfõ m%fudaohg m;afjuq' wm ishÆ fokdg u iqjfi; i,ik is,aj;a .=Kj;a NslaIq NslaIq” iy Wmdil Wmdisld isjqjkla msßig wfma lD;fõÈ;ajh m< lr isáuq'

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